Each year a large amount of plant material, cellulose is deposited on the surface of Planet Earth. What are the natural process this cellulose undergoes before yielding carbon dioxide, water and other end products? (150 words) [2022]

Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate that is found in plant cell walls and is the main component of plant material. When plant material, such as leaves, branches, and stems, dies and decomposes, the cellulose it contains undergoes a number of natural processes that ultimately yield carbon dioxide, water, and other end products.

One of the key processes that occurs during cellulose decomposition is the action of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms feed on the cellulose and convert it into simpler organic compounds, such as glucose and other sugars. This process is known as fermentation.

Fermentation is followed by the process of respiration, in which the microorganisms further break down the glucose and other sugars to yield carbon dioxide and water. This process is known as aerobic respiration, as it requires the presence of oxygen. If oxygen is not available, the microorganisms may switch to anaerobic respiration, in which they produce methane and other end products instead of carbon dioxide and water.

Overall, the natural processes that cellulose undergoes before yielding carbon dioxide, water, and other end products involve the action of microorganisms, which break down the cellulose through fermentation and respiration. These processes are an important part of the carbon cycle and play a key role in the regulation of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.