[Newsbits] 22.01.2024: Surya Tilak, Nagara Style & more

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Surya Tilak mind map
Recent News (January 2024)
Ayodhya Ram Temple
Consecration ceremony
Presence
PM Modi
Senior politicians
Actors
Surya Tilak feature
Suryadev applies Tilak
On every Navami
To Ramchandra's forehead
Sun's rays
Fall on idol
Duration
Approximately 6 minutes
Timing
At noon
Ram Navami celebration
Significance
Lord Ram's birthday
Ninth day
First month
Hindu calendar
March-April
When
Shri Ram Navami
Ninth day
First month
Hindu calendar
Why
Celebration
Lord Ram's birthday
What
Surya Tilak system
Crafted by
CSIR-CBRI
Indian Institute of Astrophysics
Gearbox
Reflective mirrors/lenses
Path tracking
Sun's rays
From third floor
Near shikara
To sanctum sanctorum
Where
Ayodhya
Ram Temple
Who
Indian Institute of Astrophysics
Provided technical assistance
CSIR-CBRI Roorkee
Played important role
CSIR-NGRI Hyderabad
Inputs on
Foundation design
Seismic/earthquake safety
How
Arrangement
Lenses and mirrors
Direct sunbeam
To idol's forehead
Significance
Celebration
Lord Ram's birth
Spiritual significance
Hindu tradition
Innovation
Combining tradition with technology

The “Surya Tilak” is a special feature of the Ayodhya Ram Temple, designed to apply a symbolic tilak (mark) using the sun’s rays on the forehead of Lord Ram’s idol every year on Shri Ram Navami. This innovative system, developed in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Astrophysics and CSIR-CBRI Roorkee, involves a gearbox and reflective mirrors/lenses to track and direct the sun’s rays from the temple’s third floor to the sanctum sanctorum. The occurrence symbolizes the celebration of Lord Ram’s birthday and merges traditional spiritual practices with modern technology.

/ Education
2023 State of Teachers, Teaching and Teacher Education Report mind map
Recent News
Teacher Shortage Statistics
Low pay a serious issue
78% educators agree
Desire for uniformity in salaries
84% spend on classroom supplies
45% feel disrespected by public
Teacher Diversity Policies
Focus on racial, linguistic diversity
Grow Your Own programs
Registered Apprenticeships
Teacher Residencies
High school pipeline programs
Teacher Attrition
8% public teachers left in 2021
Retirement a common reason
Desire for better work-life balance
Teachers seek more autonomy
When
Data collected in 2023
Why
Address teacher shortage
Improve education quality
Promote teacher diversity
What
Increased support for teachers
More classroom resources
Respect for teachers' expertise
Diverse teacher recruitment
Grow Your Own initiatives
Apprenticeships and residencies
Enhanced teacher autonomy
Control over schedules
Input in school policies
Where
Across the United States
Who
Educators
Policy Makers
Teaching Institutions
How
Implementing new programs
Grow Your Own
Apprenticeships
Policy changes
Diversity initiatives
Salary adjustments
Significance
Improved teacher retention
Greater diversity in teaching
Enhanced teaching quality
Challenges
Funding limitations
Resistance to change
Implementation hurdles
Way Forward
Continued policy development
Greater resource allocation
Ongoing teacher support

The 2023 State of Teachers, Teaching and Teacher Education Report highlights significant challenges and changes in the field of education in the United States. Key issues include the widespread problem of low teacher pay, with 78% of educators recognizing this as a serious concern. There’s a growing need for uniformity in teacher salaries across states. Teachers are also increasingly spending out of their pockets for basic classroom supplies. Another critical issue is the lack of respect for teachers from the public, affecting their professional satisfaction.

The report also discusses the importance of diversity in teaching, with policies focusing on racial and linguistic diversities, such as Grow Your Own programs, Registered Apprenticeships, and Teacher Residencies. High school pipeline programs are also part of these efforts.

Regarding teacher attrition, about 8% of public school teachers left the profession in 2021, with retirement cited as a common reason. Teachers are seeking better work-life balance and more autonomy in their roles.

The report suggests the way forward includes continued policy development, greater resource allocation, and ongoing support for teachers to address these challenges.

Ayodhya's Ties to Korean Queen Heo mind map
Recent News (January 2024)
South Korean Ambassador to India
Ayodhya's historical significance
Ram Temple Inauguration
South Korean high-level participation
Commercial Interest
Attraction for companies
Hyundai, LG, Samsung
When
48 A.D.
Queen Heo's journey
Why
Dream guidance
Parents of Queen Heo
Marriage
To King Kim Suro
What
Queen Heo
Real name Suriratna
Princess of Ayodhya
Married King Suro
King Suro
Founder of Karak dynasty
Karak Dynasty
Descendants trace lineage
Six million Koreans
Cultural Exchange
Revived mid-1990s
Queen Huh Memorial Park
In Ayodhya
Where
Ayodhya, India
Gimhae City, South Korea
Who
Queen Heo Hwang-ok
Daughter of King Padmasen
King Kim Suro
Korean king
Descendants
Significant Korean figures
How
Travel
By boat
Cultural Link
Genealogical connections
Significance
Cultural Bond
Deepening India-Korea relations
Sister Cities
Ayodhya and Gimhae
Historical Awareness
Greater understanding
Challenges
Evidence Debate
Varied historical interpretations
Religious Divide
Ayodhya as a volatile city
Way Forward
Cultural Exchange
Strengthening relations
Research
Further historical studies

The ties between Ayodhya and Korean Queen Heo Hwang-ok revolve around a historical connection dating back to 48 A.D. According to the legend, Queen Heo, originally named Suriratna, was a princess from Ayodhya who married King Kim Suro of Korea, thereby establishing the Karak dynasty. This connection has fostered a deep cultural bond between India and Korea, evident in the significant number of Koreans tracing their lineage to this union. The significance of this tie has been highlighted in modern times through various cultural exchanges, the establishment of the Queen Huh Memorial Park in Ayodhya, and the designation of Ayodhya and Gimhae as sister cities. The story, however, is subject to debate regarding its historical accuracy, with various interpretations and a lack of concrete evidence. Despite this, the narrative continues to play a crucial role in the cultural and diplomatic relations between India and South Korea, with potential for further strengthening these ties through ongoing research and cultural exchange.

Nagara Style Temple Architecture mind map
Recent News
Ram Mandir Consecration
Date
January 22, 2024
Location
Ayodhya, India
Preparations
Floral decorations
Security heightened
Railways live streaming
Government Actions
Half-day announcements
Sale of meat, fish, liquor banned
Cultural Significance
Ram Lalla idol installation
Celebrations in Nepal
Challenges
Technical issues in idol installation
When
Originated 5th century CE
Where
North India
Examples
Odisha
Madhya Pradesh
Gujarat
What
Key Features
Towering spires (Shikharas)
Intricate carvings
Symbolic representations
Who
Architects
Chandrakant B Sompura
Ashish Sompura
Organizations
Indian Railways
State Governments
Ayodhya's Ram Temple Authority
How
Construction Techniques
Without steel or iron
Traditional methods
Significance
Cultural Heritage
Represents ancient Indian architecture
Religious Importance
Hinduism significance
Challenges
Technical Issues
Idol installation
Political Controversy
Land dispute history
Way Forward
Annual Celebrations
Ram Pran Pratishtha Divas
Increased Tourism
Boost to Ayodhya's economy
Inter-State Collaboration
Cultural events
Security arrangements

The Nagara style, originating around the 5th century CE in North India, is renowned for its distinctive architectural features like towering spires (Shikharas) and intricate carvings. This style is prominently showcased in the recent construction of the Ram Mandir in Ayodhya, India. This temple, a symbol of cultural heritage and religious significance, has been built adhering to traditional methods without using steel or iron. The inauguration of the temple not only marks a significant cultural event but also highlights the architectural richness of the Nagara style, reflecting ancient Indian craftsmanship and religious importance in Hinduism.

Alliance for Global Good-Gender Equity and Equality mind map
Recent News
Launch Date
15-19 January 2024
Event
World Economic Forum
Location
Davos, Switzerland
When
January 2024
Why
Women-led Development
Global Cooperation
What
Global Best Practices
Knowledge Sharing
Investments in
Women’s Health
Education
Enterprise
Follow up
G20 Leaders’ Commitments
Business 20
Women 20
G20 EMPOWER
Where
Global Scale
Who
Indian Delegation
Led by
Smt. Smriti Zubin Irani
Supported by
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
CII Centre for Women Leadership
World Economic Forum
Invest India
Industry Partners
Over 10,000
Including
Mastercard
Uber
Tata
TVS
Bayer
Godrej
Serum Institute of India
IMD Lausanne
How
Bringing Together
Industry
Enterprise
Humanity
Significance
Gender Equality
Women Empowerment

The Alliance for Global Good-Gender Equity and Equality, launched at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland in January 2024, aims to promote gender equity and equality globally. It focuses on women-led development and includes global best practices, knowledge sharing, and investments in women’s health, education, and enterprise. Supported by influential organizations like the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the CII Centre for Women Leadership, the Alliance has garnered substantial support from over 10,000 industry partners. This initiative is part of India’s commitment to global cooperation and women-led development, emphasizing the collaboration of industry, enterprise, and humanity for gender equality.

Somnath Temple mind map
Recent News:
January 2024:
Congress Response:
To BJP's Charge:
On 'Somnath Temple' Remark:
Context:
Nehru's Transparency:
Letters On Somnath Temple:
Public Domain
Vol 16-I:
Of Second Series
Nehru's Correspondence:
With Rajaji:
Home Minister
With President Rajendra Prasad
Nehru's Stance:
Preferred Non-Association:
Of President:
In Inauguration
Left Discretion:
To President
Clarified:
Government's Non-Involvement:
In Parliament
Sudhanshu Trivedi's Claim:
Congress Rejecting:
Gandhi's 'Ram Rajya' Concept
Congress' Actions:
Under Indira Gandhi:
Fired On Cow-Slaughter Protesters
Under Sonia Gandhi:
Lord Ram Portrayed:
As Fictional Entity
When:
First Temple:
Original Construction:
Associated With:
Legend Of Daksha's Curse:
On Moon (Chandra Deva)
Built By:
Chandra Deva:
In Gold:
For Lord Shiva
Installed First Jyotirlinga:
Named Somnath Mahadev
Rebuilt Several Times:
Due To Destruction:
By Muslim Invaders:
Notably:
Mahmud Ghazni:
11th Century
Why:
Chandra Deva's Favoritism:
Towards Rohini:
More Than Other Wives
Daksha's Curse:
On Chandra Deva:
For Inequity
Chandra Deva's Repentance:
Advised By Lord Brahma:
To Bathe:
In Triveni Sangam
To Worship Lord Shiva
What
Architectural Significance:
Striking Architecture:
Intricate Carvings
Majestic Spire
Presence Of Arabian Sea:
On Its Shores
Cultural Significance:
Pilgrimage Site:
Millions Of Pilgrims:
And Tourists
Religious Significance:
First Of Twelve Jyotirlingas:
Lord Shiva's Sacred Abodes
Legends And Mythology:
Associated With:
Lord Krishna's Raas Lila
Moon God's Atonement
Reconstruction Efforts:
Post-Independence:
Supported By:
Government Of India
Devotee Contributions
Rani Ahilyabai Holkar:
18th Century:
Maratha Queen
Chaulukya Dynasty:
King Bhima I:
12th Century
Mughal Era:
Attempted Demolition:
By Emperor Aurangzeb
Where:
Located In:
Prabhas Patan:
Near Veraval
Gujarat, India
Proximity:
To Ancient Trading Port:
Veraval
Along Coastline:
In Saurashtra Region
Who:
Important Personalities:
Chandra Deva:
Moon God:
Original Builder
Daksha:
Put Curse On Chandra
Lord Brahma:
Advised Chandra Deva
Lord Shiva:
Released Chandra:
From Curse
Rani Ahilyabai Holkar:
Maratha Queen:
Reconstruction Effort
King Bhima I:
Chaulukya Dynasty:
Rebuilding Mission
Emperor Aurangzeb:
Attempted Destruction
Significance:
Spiritual Significance:
Tranquility And Spirituality:
At Triveni Sangam
Devotion And Worship:
Blessings And Divine Grace
Cultural Hub:
Festivals Celebrated:
Mahashivratri
Kartik Purnima
Diwali
Historical Resilience:
Symbol Of Hindu Resilience:
Against Foreign Invaders
Challenges:
Repeated Destruction:
Throughout History:
By Various Invaders
Maintenance Of Heritage:
Continual Efforts:
For Preservation
Way Forward:
Preservation Of Heritage:
Importance Of Maintaining:
Temple's Integrity
Promoting Cultural Tourism:
Attracting More Visitors:
To Enhance Awareness

The Somnath Temple, located in Prabhas Patan near Veraval in Gujarat, India, is a significant Hindu pilgrimage site and one of the twelve Jyotirlingas of Lord Shiva. Its history involves multiple reconstructions following destructions by various invaders, notably Mahmud Ghazni in the 11th century. The temple has a deep spiritual and religious significance, being a site of legends and mythology, including the story of the Moon God, Chandra Deva, who originally built the temple as a form of atonement. The temple’s architecture, with intricate carvings and a majestic spire, reflects India’s rich cultural heritage. It is also a cultural hub, celebrating festivals like Mahashivratri, Kartik Purnima, and Diwali. The temple’s resilience in the face of adversity has made it a symbol of Hindu faith and cultural heritage. Efforts to preserve this historical and spiritual landmark continue, highlighting its importance in India’s cultural and religious landscape.

WHO Issues Guidance on Healthcare AI Ethics mind map
Recent News
WHO releases guidance
For large multi-modal models (LMMs)
Date: 18 January 2024
When
Released on 18 January 2024
Why
To manage risks
Associated with AI in healthcare
What
Over 40 recommendations
For governments, tech companies, healthcare providers
Applications of LMMs
Diagnosis and clinical care
Patient-guided use
Clerical and administrative tasks
Medical and nursing education
Scientific research and drug development
Risks
False, inaccurate, biased, incomplete statements
Poor quality or biased data
Accessibility and affordability
Automation bias
Cybersecurity risks
Where
Global application
In healthcare sector
Who
World Health Organization (WHO)
Dr. Jeremy Farrar, WHO Chief Scientist
Stakeholders
Governments
Technology companies
Healthcare providers
Patients
Civil society
How
Involvement of stakeholders
At all stages
Model development
Implementation
Governments to invest
In non-profit structures
In upholding ethical obligations
And human rights standards
Regulatory bodies
Establish and introduce
Mandatory post-publication review
Impact assessment
Significance
Improving healthcare
Enhancing clinical trials
Improving diagnosis, treatment, self-care
Supplementing professional knowledge
Overcoming health inequities
Challenges
Potential for harm
Due to inaccurate information
Equity and accessibility issues
Over-reliance on automation
Way Forward
Ethical use of AI
Adhering to WHO guidelines
Continuous monitoring
And improvement

The World Health Organization (WHO) released guidance on the ethics and governance of large multi-modal models (LMMs), a type of rapidly growing generative AI technology with applications in healthcare. This guidance, issued on January 18, 2024, aims to manage the risks associated with AI in healthcare. It includes over 40 recommendations for governments, technology companies, and healthcare providers. The guidance addresses the potential for AI to improve healthcare but also highlights risks such as producing false or biased information, cybersecurity threats, and accessibility issues. WHO emphasizes the need for involving various stakeholders, including governments, technology companies, healthcare providers, patients, and civil society, in all stages of AI model development and implementation. The organization underscores the significance of these guidelines in improving healthcare and overcoming health inequities, while also acknowledging the challenges and potential for harm due to misuse or misinterpretation of AI technology in healthcare. The way forward includes adhering to these guidelines and continuously monitoring and improving the ethical use of AI in healthcare.

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