Consider the following airports:

In the recent past, which of the above have been constructed as Greenfield projects?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

The correct answer is (a) 1 and 2 only.

Donyi Polo Airport: This airport has been constructed as a Greenfield project. It is a newly built airport in Arunachal Pradesh, India, aimed at improving connectivity in the northeastern region.
Kushinagar International Airport: This airport is also a Greenfield project. It was developed to boost tourism and facilitate international travel, particularly for Buddhist pilgrims visiting the historical site of Kushinagar in Uttar Pradesh, India.
Vijayawada International Airport: This airport is not a Greenfield project. It was originally a domestic airport and later upgraded to an international airport, thus not fitting the criteria of a Greenfield project.

Definition: Greenfield projects refer to new developments on previously undeveloped land. These projects are built from scratch, without the need to remodel or demolish existing structures.
Purpose: They are often initiated to meet new demands, improve infrastructure, and stimulate economic growth in underdeveloped or strategically important areas.
Examples: Airports, industrial parks, and residential complexes are common types of Greenfield projects.
Advantages:
- Customization: Allows for modern, state-of-the-art facilities tailored to current needs.
- Efficiency: Can incorporate the latest technology and design standards.
- Economic Growth: Stimulates local economies by creating jobs and improving connectivity.
Challenges:
- Environmental Impact: Potential disruption to local ecosystems and communities.
- High Costs: Significant investment required for land acquisition and construction.
- Regulatory Hurdles: Often involves complex approval processes and compliance with various regulations.

Donyi Polo Airport: Located in Arunachal Pradesh, it enhances connectivity in the northeastern region.
Kushinagar International Airport: Situated in Uttar Pradesh, it serves as a gateway for international tourists, especially Buddhist pilgrims.

Reflection in IAS EXPRESS