What is the phenomenon of 'cloudbursts'? Explain. (150 words)

Cloudbursts are intense weather events marked by sudden, heavy rainfall over a short period, often leading to severe flooding. Recent data from 2023 highlights increased occurrences in regions like Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, causing significant damage and loss of life.

Phenomenon of Cloudbursts

Definition: Cloudbursts are characterized by rainfall exceeding 100 mm per hour over a small area, typically 20-30 square kilometers.
Occurrence: They frequently occur in mountainous regions due to orographic lift, where moist air rises and cools rapidly.
Mechanism: Strong upward air currents prevent raindrops from falling, allowing them to grow larger until the currents weaken, resulting in a sudden downpour.
Impact: Cloudbursts can cause flash floods, landslides, and significant infrastructure damage.

Conclusion

To mitigate cloudburst impacts, enhancing early warning systems and community preparedness is crucial. Implementing advanced weather monitoring technologies can help predict and manage these extreme events effectively.