Critically analyse India's evolving diplomatic, economic and strategic relations with the Central Asian Republics (CARs) highlighting their increasing significance in regional and global geopolitics. (150 words)

India’s engagement with the Central Asian Republics (CARs) – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan – has evolved, focusing on energy security, trade, and geopolitical cooperation, making them significant in regional stability.

Evolving Diplomatic, Economic, and Strategic Relations:

Energy Security: CARs are rich in oil and natural gas. India invested in projects like the TAPI (Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India) pipeline, enhancing energy ties.
Trade and Connectivity: Trade with CARs remains low ($2 billion in 2023) due to connectivity challenges. The International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) aims to improve access, boosting trade.
Security Cooperation: CARs are crucial in combating terrorism and extremism. India’s military collaboration, such as joint military exercises like “Khanjar” with Kyrgyzstan, strengthens regional security.
Geopolitical Significance: As part of India’s “Connect Central Asia” policy, CARs offer strategic access to Afghanistan and counter China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).

Conclusion: India’s deepening ties with CARs enhance its regional influence and energy security, but challenges in connectivity and China’s dominance require sustained engagement.