Analyze the implications of firecracker usage during festivals on public health and urban noise pollution, and suggest comprehensive policy measures to address this crisis. (150 words)

From Current Affairs Notes for UPSC » Editorials & In-depths » This topic

IAS EXPRESS Vs UPSC Prelims 2024: 80+ questions reflected

Introduction: Firecrackers, integral to festive celebrations, are a major source of noise pollution and have detrimental health effects. Their use exacerbates public health issues and urban noise levels, necessitating immediate policy intervention.

Body:

Public Health Concerns:
- Exposure to noise levels above 80 dB(A) in offices can lead to hypertension.
- Nighttime noise exceeding 50 dB(A) disrupts sleep and increases cortisol levels, impacting cardiovascular health.
- Continuous exposure, as seen during festivals like Deepavali, where noise exceeds 90 dB, can cause hearing loss, stress, and anxiety.
Urban Noise Pollution:
- The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000 set permissible limits, but enforcement is lax.
- Traffic and unregulated celebrations contribute to a constant ambient noise level, often breaching the stipulated norms.
- Lack of clear demarcation of noise zones and penalties for violations further complicates the issue.
Policy Measures:
- Prohibition of production and sale of firecrackers that violate noise and pollution standards.
- Stringent enforcement of existing noise regulations with clear penalties.
- Public awareness campaigns promoting the harmful effects of firecrackers.
- Promotion and mandatory use of ‘green’ crackers with lower noise and chemical emissions.
- Development of public infrastructure to monitor and display real-time noise levels.

Conclusion: The unchecked use of firecrackers is a public health crisis. Policy measures must prioritize health and well-being over tradition, with stricter enforcement and public education to mitigate the harmful effects.

Reference: More light, less sound: The Hindu Editorial on firecrackers and a festival of light.