What is sea surface temperature rise? How does it affect the formation of tropical cyclones? (150 words)
Sea surface temperature (SST) rise is a significant indicator of global warming, with 2023 witnessing record-high SSTs due to El Niño and greenhouse gas emissions. This phenomenon has profound implications for tropical cyclone formation.
Sea Surface Temperature Rise
- Definition: SST rise refers to the increase in the temperature of the ocean’s surface layer.
- Recent Data: In 2023, SSTs reached unprecedented levels, with some regions experiencing temperatures 0.51°C above the 1991-2020 average.
- Causes: Primarily driven by anthropogenic factors such as greenhouse gas emissions and natural phenomena like El Niño.
Impact on Tropical Cyclones
- Cyclone Intensity: Higher SSTs provide more energy, increasing cyclone intensity and destructiveness.
- Cyclone Frequency: Warmer waters can lead to more frequent cyclones by providing favorable conditions for their formation.
- Regional Effects: In areas like the North Atlantic, elevated SSTs have led to more intense and longer-lasting cyclones.
Addressing SST rise requires global cooperation to reduce emissions and mitigate climate change impacts.
