Mpox Virus – Recent Developments and Concerns
The mpox virus, formerly known as monkeypox, remains a global public health concern, especially in West and Central Africa. The WHO declared it a public health emergency in 2022 and 2023. The virus consists of two main clades: Clade I, known for severe disease, and Clade II, which caused recent outbreaks, particularly Subclade IIb in 2022. Alarmingly, Clade Ia has adapted to human-to-human transmission. Mutations mediated by APOBEC proteins indicate its adaptation to human hosts. Limited vaccine availability and clade-specific treatment challenges persist. Ongoing surveillance, equitable vaccine access, and focused research are crucial to controlling this evolving threat.
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