National Research Foundation (NRF)

National Research Foundation (NRF) upsc notes
Context
Union Cabinet approval
PM of India chair
NRF Bill 2023 approval
Strategic direction for scientific research
Source: PIB
Bill Highlights
NRF establishment
SERB repeal
Subsumed into NRF
Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)
Statutory body under DST
Establishment
Year 2009
SERB Act, 2008
Promotion and financial assistance
Basic research in science and engineering
Scientists, academic institutions, R&D labs, S&T start-ups, etc.
About NRF
Apex body establishment
Estimated cost: ₹50,000 crores (2023-28)
Government contribution: ₹10,000 crores
Private sector investments: ~₹36,000 crores
Recommended by NEP 2020
Administrative department: DST, Ministry of S&T
Governance
Governing Board
Ex-officio President: PM
Ex-officio Vice-Presidents: Union Minister of S&T, Union Minister of Education
Other members: Eminent researchers and professionals
Executive Council
Chair: Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India
Purpose
Seed, grow, promote R&D
Foster research and innovation culture
Universities, colleges, research institutions, R&D labs
Research funding prioritisation
Equitable and participatory scientific research
Greater private sector participation
Current fund allocation issue
Majority to IITs and IISc
~10% to State universities
Strategy
Forge collaborations
Industry, academia, government departments, research institutions
Interface mechanism for participation and contribution
Create policy framework
Put regulatory processes to encourage collaboration and increased R&D spending by industry
NRF/Bill Significance/need
India's R&D spending: 0.7% of GDP
Comparison: US (2.83%), China (2.14%), Israel (4.9%), Brazil, Malaysia, Egypt
Democratization of science funding
Solutions for big problems facing Indian society
Current laws make private contribution to funding bodies difficult

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